Process of and composition for removing carbon from internal combustion engines



Patented June 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE HENRY AUGUST ALBERS, OF SPRINGFIELD GARDENS. NEW YORK PROCESS OF AND COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING- CAiRBON FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES No Drawing.

This invention relates to a process for eliminating carbon formed by the combustion of motor fuels, or mixtures of such fuels with motor lubricating oils, in the combustion chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion engines; and to a process of treating such motor fuels whereby carbon resultant from their combustion is oxidized.

My invention has for its objects, broadly 1 stated, the elimination of carbon formed in the combustion 'chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion engines", and particularly in effecting such elimination while the engines are in active operation; and also the improvement of such hydrocarbon motor fuels to render same carbon-eliminating.

Further objects are the attainment of like results when lubricating oils are present in the combustion chambers.- Other particular 29 objects of my invention are to render the conversion of said motor fuels into power more efficient by making said fuels more combustible and less consumable; and finally to improve the quality of combustion and consequent operation of the engine by rendering such fuels non-preigniting and nondetonating.

With the foregoing objects-in view, my invention, broadly stated, consists'in the dis- 30 covery thatcarbon resultant from the combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in the .combustion chambers of the cylindersv of internal combustion engines, will be oxidized if the combustion takes place in the I presence of phosphorus and/or sulfur dissolved in suitable solvents whereby they are v adapted to serve catalytically to promote the oxidizing action.

My invention further consists in the dis- 40 covery that such catalytic action may be attained by the introduction into the combustion chambers, through the fueling system, or throu h the oiling system, or otherwise, of the su fur and/or phosphorus dissolved in 5 suitable solvents. Throughout this specification, I intend to be understood as employing the terms sulfur and phosphorus in their .usual and proper scientific signification 'as'indicat'ive' of the elementary substances thus named, in

. by oxidation.

Application filed. August 16, 1927.' Serial No. 213,436.

contradistinction to combinations of either of these elements.

' Theseelements I employ in as pure form as practicable, and to that end I prefer to use the flowers of sulfur which result from purification by sublimation; and the yellow allotropic form of phos horus.

In removing carbon rom the combustion chambers ofthe cylinders of internal combustion engines at least two methods are now employed: one is the mechanical method and the other the chemical method. The first method is by scraping thecarbon from the metal; the second method is by burnm carbon in flaming oxygen by means of a loW-pipe,'and so eliminating the carbon The chemical method requires time, labor and material. Motors are idle and, of course, unproductive during 1 both these processes. My process saves time, 79 releases human labor, keeps motor busy and eflicient and eflects other economies.

In the practice of my invention, I dissolve sulfur so that it will remain in a permanent solution at a temperature as low as zero, Fahrenheit. I obtain the sulphur, solution preferably according to the following method:

Normally I prefer to take one part of .flowers ofsulfur, four parts of a vegeta- 80 ble oil, and ninety-five parts of mineral oil,

such as liquid petrolatum or of a lubricating oil, each ingredient by weight, then mix them together in a white'enameled or porcelain dish or vessel and heat the mixture over a slow fire, constantly stirring the mixture until the sulfur is dissolved. The vegatable oil in this formula assists as a binder to keep the sulfur in a permanent solution. This sulfur solution is non-toxic.

The process or art of making a practically permanent solution of phosphorus is already known. Phosphorus maybe dissolved according-to the following method:

'Take one part of phosphorus and ninetynine parts of afixed oil, such as oil of sweet almond, each ingredient by weight. Pour the fixed oil into a flask, heat it on a sand bath to 482 Fahrenheit and 'keep it at that temperature for fifteen minutes. Then allow it tocool and filter it. Then take ninety-nine parts of the filtered oil and one part of phosphorus; introduce them into a dry bottle of sufficient capacity; insert the stopper and heat the bottle in a water bath until the phosphorus melts; and then agitate it until the phosphorus is dissolved. Allow the finished product to cool before opening the bottle.

The amount of material used in my process is very small. One fluid ounce of the solution of sulfur, made according to the formula and process hereinbefore stated suffices dissolved in five gallons of motor fuel; or one fluid ounce of the same solution of sulphur is sufiicient dissolved in one quart of motor lubricating oil.

When phosphorus is used in the motor fuels to oxidize carbon, similarly, one fluid ounce of the solution of phosphorus compounded according to the formula hereinbefore stated, suffices for five gallons of motor fuel.

When phosphorus and sulfur are used in the motor fuels to oxidize carbon. five cubic centimeters of the solution of; the phosphorus and twenty-five cubic centimeters of the solution of sulfur, compounded according to the formulae hereinbefore stated, are to be used in five gallons of motor fuels. v

When the phosphorus alone or in combination with sulfur is to be used, I prefer to introduce this catalytic compound into the motor fuels by way of the engines fueling systems.

I prefer not to introduce the phosphorus alone or in combination with sulfur into the motor lubricating oils by way of the engines oiling systems because of the nature of phosphorus.

The results brought about by my process of treating motor fuels and motor lubricating oils and subjecting them to combustion in the combustion chambers of cylinders of internal combustion engines produce no fumes nor odors of sulfur compounds, such as sulfur dioxid, carbon disulfid, or hydrogen sulfide, perceptible at the exhaust of engines during or after combustion when the sulfur treated motor fuels or lubricating oils are being consumed in the combustion chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion engines.

The absence of these fumes and odors of sulphur compounds is due to the chemical reactions that take place in a catalytic way, whencarbon and air burn in the presence of sulfur under conditions that obtain in combustion chambers of engines.

When motor fuels, motor lubricating oils and air are subjectedto ignition and combustion in the combustion chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion engines in the presence of phosphorus, or of phosphorus and sulfur, there are no fumes of phosphorus compounds or sulfur compounds, nor odors of same, perceptible in the exhaust of engines during or after combustion.

When a few grains of powdered carbon are mixed on a porcelain or glass slab with a few drops of my solution of sulfur or a few drops of solution of phosphorus, and about ten times as much gasoline added to make the mixture readily combustible and then ignited in the presence of air, combustion and deflagration take place and carbon is oxidized, and energy is released. This energy, confined as it would be in the combustion chambers, would give more power to the engines. My mixture of phosphorus and sulfur, under the same conditions, acts with greater energy and more explosive force.

The practice of my invention as described affords better ignition of the fuel and more complete combustion. Decreased fuel consumption follows as a result of the greater combustibility with a consequent fuel economy; Increased" power also follows from the better ignition and more eficient combustion. By my process, better lubrication of the piston and other moving parts is also secured, and corrosion and pitting of the cylinder is obviated.

Having thusdescribed my invention, 1

claim 1. The process of eliminating carbon resultant from the combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in the combustion chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion en-.

gines, consisting in introducing a mixture consisting of a one per cent solution of sulfur and a like solution of phosphorus into said cylinders simultaneously with the admission of said fuel thereto, and supplying the said fuel together with the said mixture to the combustion chambers, whereby sulfur and phosphorus, each in solution, will be present in the said combustion chambers during combustion of said fuel therein.

2. The process of eliminating carbon resultant from the combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in the combustion chambers of the cylinders of internal combustion engines, consisting in mixin a solution of sulfur and a solution of p osphorus and introducing said mixture into the fueling systems of said engines and conducting said mixture to said cylinders during the operation of the engine, whereby sulfur and phosphorus, each in solution, is present in the said combustion chambers in the proportion of twenty-five 0.0. of a one per cent solution of sulfur and five 0.0. of a one per cent solution of phosphorus to each five gallons of fuel, when and while combustion of said fuel occurs therein.

3. A- composition adapted to promote the combustion and oxidatlon of hydrocarbon oils under pressure consisting of a solution of sulfur and a solution of phosphorus in oil solvents, the sulfur and phosphorus being uncombined and together constituting about one per cent of said solution.

4:. A process of preparing a liquid motor fuel comprising dispersing in the same motor fuel a small quantity of elementary sulfur and phosphorus.

5. A liquid motor fuel comprising a combustible organic liquid having dispersed therein a small quantity of elementary sulfur and phosphorus.

HENRY AUGUST ALBERS. 

